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The Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics

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The Horrifying American Roots of Nazi Eugenics By Edwin Black Mr. Black is the author of  IBM and the Holocaust  and the just released  War Against the Weak: Eugenics and America's Campaign to Create a Master Race , from which the following article is drawn. Hitler and his henchmen victimized an entire continent and exterminated millions in his quest for a so-called "Master Race." But the concept of a white, blond-haired, blue-eyed master Nordic race didn't originate with Hitler. The idea was created in the United States, and cultivated in California, decades before Hitler came to power. California eugenicists played an important, although little known, role in the American eugenics movement's campaign for ethnic cleansing. Eugenics was the racist pseudoscience determined to wipe away all human beings deemed "unfit," preserving only those who conformed to a Nordic stereotype. Elements of the philosophy were enshrined as national po

RARE Window Into The Difference Between "Pro per" vs. "Pro se" In Court

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Don't say 'dat Creoles never taught you nothing ! I will limit my answer strictly to the question regarding the difference between "Pro Se" and "Pro Per." Quite frankly I am stunned by the previous answers. Both of which, while not actually wrong, are not in fact answering the question. To wit; THERE IS a very substantial legal difference between proceeding "pro per" (or "in pro per" or "in propria persona") and proceeding "pro se" (or "in pro se"). Understanding of these two terms is critical, especially pertaining to personam jurisdiction.  There are two types of jurisdiction: "personam" and "subject matter" and a court needs to clearly have jurisdiction of both in order to hear a case for or against you. Personam jurisdiction gives a court the authority over your person or you as an individual in order to hear or try a case involving you. Subject matter jurisdiction gives a court t